Enhancement of flexibility in multi-energy microgrids considering voltage and congestion improvement: Robust thermal comfort against reserve calls

In recent years, multi-energy microgrid (MEM) has gained increasing interest, which could use clean and efficient electro-thermal resources, storages (MESs) demand response potential to improve the flexibility of MEM. However, maximizing MEM alongside managing electrical parameters (EPs) is a challenging modeling problem. this paper, probabilistic nonlinear model presented maximize with all power grid constraints taking into account EPs using flow. To end, voltage profile congestion improvement, robust thermal comfort provision during reserve call MESs utilization are key properties proposed model. The outcome suggested ensures sustainability in performance, an essential feature modern smart cities. applied distribution network UK results illustrate how equipment scheduling leads observe limitation maximizes flexibility. achieved show decrease revenue (decrease 34% 24% without commitment, respectively) contrast, significant increase compared non-compliance constraints.